Physiology (Demo)

A 65-year-old male patient undergoes a vagotomy for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. He is experiencing delayed gastric emptying post-surgery. Which of the following agents is most likely to increase the rate of gastric emptying in this patient?

A 74-year-old male with colon cancer undergoes surgery. During the procedure, he sustains a splenic injury and begins bleeding profusely. What is the most appropriate course of action to manage his bleeding?

A 55-year-old male is diagnosed with a myocardial infarction. The medical team is reviewing the cellular mechanisms that contribute to the action potential in cardiac muscle. Which of the following processes is primarily responsible for the rapid depolarisation phase of the myocardial action potential?

A 25-year-old man with a history of morbid obesity for the past five years is seen in the surgical bariatric clinic for evaluation. He has tried multiple diet plans, but his appetite remains difficult to control. Which of the following hormones is most likely to increase his appetite?

A patient presents with tachypnea and signs of hyperventilation. An arterial blood gas (ABG) test is performed, and the following results are obtained:
* pH: 7.49 (Normal: 7.35–7.45)
* pO₂: 8.5 (Normal: 10.6–13.3 kPa or 75–100 mmHg)
* HCO₃⁻ (Bicarbonate): 22 mmol/L (Normal: 22–26 mmol/L)
* pCO₂: 2.4 (Normal: 4.7–6.0 kPa or 35–45 mmHg) →
* Cl⁻ (Chloride): 92 mEq/L (Normal: 95–105 mEq/L)

What condition is most likely to account for this arterial blood gas result?