Anatomy Thorax (Demo)

A 30-year-old man is undergoing vascular mapping for arteriovenous fistula creation. During the procedure, the surgeon notes the course of the cephalic vein. Before draining into the axillary vein, the cephalic vein passes through which structure?

A 45-year-old woman is scheduled for an axillary lymph node clearance following a diagnosis of breast cancer. During the procedure, the surgeon must divide a fascial layer to access the axillary lymph nodes. Which of the following fascial layers will be divided to achieve this?

An 18-year-old man is stabbed in the axilla during a fight, resulting in a laceration of the axillary artery that is repaired. However, an associated injury to the upper trunk of the brachial plexus is missed. Which of the following muscles is least likely to demonstrate impaired function as a result of this injury?

During vascular anatomy teaching, a student is asked about the termination of the cephalic vein. After piercing the clavipectoral fascia, into which vein does the cephalic vein drain?

A 74-year-old man undergoes an upper GI endoscopy, which reveals oesophageal varices. These varices are part of a collateral pathway that forms in the setting of portal hypertension. Through which vein do these varices primarily drain?

During a teaching session on central venous anatomy, a student is asked how many valves lie between the superior vena cava (SVC) and the right atrium.

During a surgical discussion about the autonomic control of the heart, a surgeon asks which nerve directly innervates the sinoatrial (SA) node.

During a cardiovascular anatomy discussion, the instructor asks about the thebesian veins and their contribution to cardiac venous drainage. Into which structure do the thebesian veins primarily drain?